2013년 7월 29일 (월) 10:54 판

주 의 보고계신 다국어인구학사전은 현재 작업 중에 있습니다. 자세한 내용은 토론부분에서 확인해주세요.

201

현재인구통계¹는 인구변화통계²와 다를 수 있다. They deal with the static aspects of the subject and give an instantaneous picture of the population at a given moment of time: the statistical units (110-1) used are generally households (110-3), individuals (110-2), etc. Statistics of population change are concerned with the continuous processes of change which affect a population, and deal largely with vital events³,such as births, marriages, deaths, and with migration (801-1). Nonrenewable events⁴ (e.g. deaths) may be distinguished from renewable events⁵ such as pregnancies, births or migratory moves; renewable events are assigned an order⁶ based on the number of previous events of the same nature for the same person. Statistics of population change are a principal source for the study of population processes⁷, sometimes called population dynamics⁷. Censuses (cf. 202) are the main source of information on the state of the population⁸ . Vital Statistics (212-1) are the primary source of data for the study of population growth⁹ (cf. 701). Occasionally they deal with natural increase¹⁰ only, i.e. they do not take into account movement between the population studied and other populations, but logically migration statistics (812-1) are a part of the statistics of population change.

• 9. The term population movement is used to refer to the geographical movement of a population.

202

Population censuses¹ are taken to obtain information about the state of the population (201-8) at a given time. Most commonly all inhabitants of a particular country are counted simultaneously:. the census is then called a general census² Occasionally, however, only a section of the population is counted, e.g. the inhabitants of a given area, in which case the census is called a partial census³. The term "Census", however, denotes that an attempt was made to enumerate every member of the population concerned and to achieve complete coverage⁴ of the population. A micro census⁵ is limited to a sample of the population, usually large in size, and belongs in the category of sample surveys⁶. Censuses or surveys are sometimes preceded by pre-tests⁷ or pilot surveys⁷. A post-enumeration survey⁹ is taken after a census to verify the accuracy and completeness of enumeration.

• 1. Census, n. - censal, adj. The intercensal period is the time elapsing between two successive censuses.
  Modern censuses correspond to what used to be called head counts. Population counts included any estimation procedure, however imprecise, based for example on the counting of baptisms (214-2) registered for a number of years, or of hearths (110-3) or even parishes (214-1).

203

조사방법¹은 인구의 총 수를 밝히는 것을 의도로 한 모든 작업을 가리킨다. 그것은 일반적으로 작성되는 표³에서 단순히 수치를 세는 것²과는 다르다.조사⁴또는서베이⁴는 일반적으로 특정 항목(예를 들어 노동) 에 대해 제공하는 정보를 제한된 목적으로 수행하는 작업을 말한다. 현장조사⁵는 그 정보가개인 면접⁶에 의해 얻을 수 이쓴 것을 말한다. 우편 조사⁷는 설문지 (206-3)를 우편으로 송부하여 기입된 설문지를 보내줄 것을 요청하는 형태로 진행된다. 회고조사⁸는 과거의 인구학적 사건에 초점을 둔 것이며, 추적조사⁹는 이전 조사 후 발생한 인구학적 사건을 2번째 이후의 조사에서 계속 조사 하는 것이다. 면접 조사원이 수 차례에 걸친 방문을 통해 응답자를 만날 의무가 있는재방문¹⁰과 혼동하지 않아야 한다.센서스에서 정보는인터뷰¹¹처럼 조사원이 기입하는 방식이거나 자기기입방식¹²중 하나에 의해 얻을 수 있다. In the first method, also called canvasser method¹¹ the enumerator (204-2) notes the information provided by or about the respondents; in the second method, also called householder method¹², the questionnaire is completed by the respondents (204-1) themselves. Self-enumeration may take the form of a mail census¹³.

• 1. Enumeration, n. - enumerate, v.
• 2. Count, n. - count, v.
• 3. List, n. - list, v.
• 4. Survey, n. - survey, v.

204

Persons who answer questions in a census (202-1) or a survey (203-4) are called respondents¹ or informants¹. Persons who collect (130-4) the information are called interviewers², field workers² or enumerators², the last term being usually reserved for persons collecting information in a census. Enumerators usually work under the control of supervisors³ or inspectors³. General censuses (202-2) are usually taken by the statistical departments⁴ of individual countries.

• 4. In the United States of America the office responsible for the census is called the Bureau of the Census; in England and Wales it is the General Register Office, in Scotland the General Registry Office; both are headed by a Registrar General.

205

Censuses are usually compulsory¹, i.e. respondents (204-1) are under a legal obligation to provide the required information; in this respect they are different from voluntary inquiries² (cf. 203-4), where the problem of non-response³ may become important This is particularly the case in postal inquiries (203-7), where it is often necessary to follow-up⁴ the first questionnaire by a second, or sometimes by a visit. Non-respondents⁵ are frequently divided into those who refuse⁶, i.e. who are unwilling to cooperate in the inquiry, and those who could not be found by the interviewer (204-2). The latter are counted as absentees⁷ or no contacts⁷. The proportion of refusals⁸ in response to a given question is an useful index of the reactions of the respondents. The replacement of an unusable sample unit with another unit is referred to as substitution⁹. j

• 6. Refuse, v. - refusal, n.
• 7. Absentee, n. - absent, v. - absence, n.

206

The forms¹ used for the collection of information have a number of different names. The term schedule² is frequently used, especially the term census schedule². Most of the forms are questionnaires³, particularly when they are designed for completion⁴ by the respondents themselves. At other times, officials obtain statements⁵, or particulars⁶ which they extract⁷ from documents primarily used for non-statistical purposes. The questions are usually of two basic types: closed ended questions⁸ in which a respondent replies by selecting one out of a limited number of responses listed on the questionnaire or open ended questions⁹ to which the respondent may give a spontaneous answer.

207

인구조사표 (206-2)에는 오직 개인과 관련된 정보만을 포한한개인 조사표1가구 (110-3)의 각 구성원에 대한 정보를 포함한가구 조사표2또는 collective schedule3, nominal list3 or enumerator’s schedule3 on which the enumerator (204-2) enters 34 successively data for all the persons he enumerates. There may be special schedules for the institutional population (310-7), which are called institutional schedules4.

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